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Home > Drug Category > Thyroid Disorders > Synthroid and Equivalent

Synthroid Information

Synthroid (Levothyroxine) is primarily used in both children and adults to treat hypothyroidism. In this condition, the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones, causing symptoms such as lack of energy, weight gain despite normal appetite, cold intolerance, depression, etc. It is typically used in individuals with hypothyroidism caused by abnormalities with the thyroid gland, ineffective stimulation of thyroid hormone production from the pituitary gland, or congenital thyroid gland conditions.

This medication is a synthetic form of levothyroxine (T4), a natural thyroid hormone, and effectively restores normal thyroid hormone levels. The body converts levothyroxine (T4) to its active form, triiodothyronine (T3), in tissues. These hormones increase the body’s metabolism, influencing how cells and tissues use energy, produce proteins, control temperature, etc.

Synthroid may also be used as an adjunct therapy to surgery and radioiodine therapy in the treatment of individuals with thyrotropin-dependent well-differentiated thyroid cancer. It is beneficial in this condition, as it helps lower thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, thereby reducing the risk of these cancer cells growing and recurring. It is also one of the first line medications used in the treatment of myxedema coma, a medical emergency which occurs as a result of untreated hypothyroidism.

While levothyroxine is a lifelong therapy in most hypothyroid patients, most of whom experience weight gain despite normal diet, it should not be used for weight loss in people with normal thyroid function. It should also not be used to treat noncancerous growths or enlargement of the thyroid in patients with normal iodine levels, or in cases of temporary hypothyroidism caused by inflammation of the thyroid gland (thyroiditis).

Synthroid Side Effects

Side effects are usually a sign that the dosage is either too high (leading to symptoms of hyperthyroidism). If the dose is too high, you might experience appetite changes, increased sweating, temporary hair loss (especially in children), nervousness, flushing, diarrhea, or stomach upset.

Stop taking this medicine and contact your doctor immediately if you experience any serious side effects, including the following:
• Allergic reactions such as breathing difficulties, body itching, body rash, skin blistering, swelling of the face, mouth, tongue, lips, or throat; • Bone pain, fractures;
• Heart related symptoms such as fast, pounding, or irregular heartbeat, chest pain, shortness of breath, leg swelling;
• Nervous system symptoms such as agitation, confusion, anxiety, mood swings, psychosis;
• Seizures

Levothyroxine has a narrow therapeutic index, meaning the difference between an effective dose and one that causes side effects is relatively small. Therefore, the vast majority of these side effects are simply your body telling your doctor that the dose is slightly off. It highlights why consistent open communication with your doctor is absolutely imperative while taking this medication.

Synthroid Precautions

Do not use this medication if you are allergic to the synthetic levothyroxine, other ingredients in Synthroid, or any other medicines. Before you start taking this medication, ensure that you inform your doctor about any prior or current medical conditions, including the following:
• Adrenal gland insufficiency;
• Blood clotting disorders;
• Bone conditions such as osteoporosis;
• Diabetes;
• Heart disease;
• High blood pressure;
• Overactive thyroid gland;
• Seizure disorders

While you are taking Synthroid, avoid driving, operating machinery, or performing other potentially hazardous tasks until you have determined how this medication affects you, as it can affect your mental alertness. Synthroid is safe and highly beneficial for use in pregnant and breastfeeding women with hypothyroidism, as it helps to prevent hypothyroid effects on the fetus and normalize milk production in hypothyroid lactating mothers with low milk supply. However, consult your doctor before taking this medication during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. It should, however, be used with caution in older adults, as they may be more sensitive to its side effects.

You should inform your doctor or dentist that you are taking this medication before having any kind of surgery. Check with your doctor regularly while taking this medication, as routine tests are usually done to monitor its effects throughout the course of therapy. Mineral supplements, such as iron and calcium, and antacids can reduce your body’s ability to absorb levothyroxine, making it less effective in treating your condition. This is why Synthroid should be taken 4 hours before or after taking these products. Also, before using this medication, inform your doctor about any other medications you are currently taking, including herbal medicines and supplements, to determine if it is safe to use along with Synthroid.

Synthroid/Levothyroxine is available in tablets of varying dosages, all for oral use. Take it once daily on an empty stomach, at least 30–60 minutes before breakfast, as directed by your doctor. Swallow the tablet whole with a full glass of water. Take it at the same time every day for consistent blood levels. Continue taking it even if you feel well, unless your doctor advises otherwise. Check out the leaflets in the medication pack for more usage instructions. Store this medication at room temperature, protect it from light and moisture, and keep it out of the reach of children.

Do I need a prescription to order Synthroid?

Yes, a prescription is required from your physician to order Synthroid.